Australian Citizenship Quiz
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Australia and its people

Australia's First Peoples

Short answer

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples are Australia's First Peoples. They have distinct identities, histories and cultures, and their connection to Country is an important part of understanding Australia.

Last reviewed 2026-06-19

Who this refers to

Aboriginal peoples and Torres Strait Islander peoples are not one single cultural group. They are the original inhabitants of Australia, with many nations, languages and traditions. Torres Strait Islander peoples traditionally come from islands between the northern tip of Queensland and Papua New Guinea.

Country and respectful recognition

Country can describe land, waters, place, culture, family and connection. A Welcome to Country is given by an appropriate Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander custodian. An Acknowledgement of Country can be given by anyone as a respectful recognition of Traditional Owners.

What to understand for study

Learn the difference between the two protocols rather than treating them as interchangeable. The key idea is respect for the continuing cultures, knowledge and connection of First Peoples.

Key facts

  • Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples are Australia's First Peoples.
  • Torres Strait Islander peoples come from islands between Queensland and Papua New Guinea.
  • A Welcome to Country is given by an appropriate Traditional Owner or custodian.
  • Anyone can give an Acknowledgement of Country.

Common mistakes

  • Treating Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples as the same cultural group.
  • Saying that anyone can perform a Welcome to Country.
  • Assuming an Acknowledgement of Country replaces a Welcome to Country.

Important vocabulary

First Peoples
The original peoples of a country.
Example: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples are Australia's First Peoples.
Traditional Owners
Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander peoples with cultural authority for a place.
Example: Traditional Owners may welcome visitors to Country.
Acknowledgement of Country
A respectful statement recognising Traditional Owners.
Example: A speaker may give an Acknowledgement of Country at an event.

Practice questions

Answer in English. Feedback and local progress are saved without leaving this page.

Practice by topic
Australian National Symbols and Flags Australian national symbols include the Australian National Flag, the Aboriginal Flag, the Torres Strait Islander Flag, the national colours, the golden wattle, the opal and the national anthem. Australian Federation Australian federation happened on 1 January 1901, when six British colonies joined together to form the Commonwealth of Australia while keeping their own state governments. Australian States and Territories Australia has six states and two mainland territories. Each has its own government, while the Australian Government handles national responsibilities under the federal system.

Official sources