Australian Citizenship Quiz
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Australian values based on freedom, respect and equality

Dual Citizenship and Loyalty to Australia

Short answer

An Australian citizen may also be a citizen of another country. While in Australia, a dual citizen must follow Australian laws, and some Australian laws can apply to citizens overseas.

Last reviewed 2026-06-19

More than one citizenship

Australia allows dual citizenship. Holding another citizenship does not remove a person's obligations as an Australian citizen while they are in Australia.

Laws can reach beyond borders

Australian laws apply in Australia, and some laws may apply to Australian citizens while overseas. A person's travel or second citizenship does not automatically place them outside Australian legal responsibilities.

Loyalty and public safety

Loyalty to Australia includes acting consistently with Australian law and protecting official government secrets. Sharing protected information can put people, institutions and national security at risk.

Key facts

  • Australia allows dual citizenship.
  • Dual citizens must follow Australian laws while in Australia.
  • Some Australian laws can apply to citizens overseas.
  • Protected official information should not be shared publicly.

Common mistakes

  • Thinking a second passport removes Australian legal duties.
  • Assuming all Australian laws apply overseas in exactly the same way.
  • Confusing loyalty with rejecting people who have another cultural background.

Important vocabulary

dual citizenship
Legal citizenship of two countries.
Example: A person may be an Australian citizen and a citizen of another country.
overseas
Outside Australia.
Example: Some laws may apply to citizens overseas.
official information
Information held by government that may be protected by law.
Example: Official secrets should not be posted on social media.

Practice questions

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Practice by topic
Question 1
May an Australian citizen also hold citizenship of another country?
Question 2
While in Australia, which laws must a dual citizen follow?
Question 3
Can some Australian laws apply to Australian citizens while they are overseas?
Question 4
Why is sharing official government secrets on social media inconsistent with Australian values?
Responsibilities of Australian Citizens Australian citizens have responsibilities including obeying Australian laws, voting in elections when required, serving on a jury if called, defending Australia if needed and paying tax when required by law. Helping to Keep Australian Society Safe People in Australia are expected to help keep society safe by reporting serious crime and child abuse to appropriate authorities and by recognising harmful conduct such as cyber abuse. The Rule of Law in Australia The rule of law means that everyone in Australia must follow the law. No person, group or government is above the law, and laws should be applied fairly.

Official sources